Calpain-1
Product Sizes
0.1 mg
16-05-030112-0.1MG
0.5 mg
16-05-030112-0.5MG
1 mg
16-05-030112-1MG
About this Product
- SKU:
- 16-05-030112
- Additional Names:
- Alzheimer's, Cardiovascular Disease, Ischemia, Brain Injury, In Vitro Diagnostic|mu-Calpain, u-Calpain, CAPN
- Buffer:
- Frozen in 20 mM imidazole, 5mM B Beta-mercaptoethanol, 1 mM EDTA, 1mM EGTA, 30% glycerol, pH 6.8
- CE/IVD:
- RUO
- Extra Details:
- Calpain-1 (u-Calpain) is a calcium-dependent cysteine protease composed of an 80 kDa catalytic subunit (CAPN1) and a 30 kDa regulatory subunit (CAPNS1), forming a heterodimer stabilized by domain interactions. The catalytic subunit contains four domains: domain II harbors the protease active site, while domain IV binds calcium, enabling activation at micromolar concentrations (EC₅₀ ~ 50 uM). The regulatory subunit's domain VI facilitates membrane association and modulates calcium sensitivity. Calpain-1 regulates cellular processes including cytoskeletal remodeling, signal transduction, and synaptic plasticity by cleaving substrates like protein kinase C (PKC), focal adhesion kinase, and B Beta-spectrin, often altering their activity or localization. Dysregulated calpain-1 activity is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, where excessive cleavage of tau and amyloid precursor protein exacerbates neurofibrillary tangle formation. In cardiovascular pathologies, calpain-1 promotes vascular smooth muscle calcification via matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation and transforming growth factor-B Beta1 signaling, contributing to atherosclerosis. Renal proximal tubule injury involves calpain-1-mediated degradation of cytoskeletal proteins (paxillin, talin), leading to cell necrosis. Conversely, calpain-1 activation during long-term potentiation (LTP) supports synaptic plasticity and neuroprotection by degrading inhibitors of ERK signaling, such as PHLPP1B Beta. Therapeutically, calpain-1-specific inhibitors (e.g., peptidyl A Alpha-ketoamides) are under investigation for traumatic brain injury and ischemia, aiming to mitigate calcium-induced proteolysis. Recombinant calpain-1 expression systems enable structural studies to refine drug design. Additionally, calpain-1 activity serves as a biomarker for disease progression in Alzheimer's and cardiovascular disorders, with elevated levels correlating with tissue damage. These dual roles-as a mediator of physiological plasticity and pathological degradation-underscore its potential as a therapeutic target across diverse conditions.
- Formulation:
- Frozen in 20 mM imidazole, 5mM B Beta-mercaptoethanol, 1 mM EDTA, 1mM EGTA, 30% glycerol, pH 6.8
- Molecular Weight:
- 110,000 Daltons Catalytic Subunit = 80,000 Daltons Regulatory Subunit = 30,000 Daltons
- Physical State:
- Frozen
- Purity:
- ≥95%
- Purification:
- Liquid Chromatography Methods
- Shipping Conditions:
- Dry Ice
- Source:
- Erythrocytes shown to be non reactive for HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HBc, and negative for anti-HIV 1 & 2 by FDA approved tests.
- Storage Conditions:
- Please refer to datasheet
- Supplier:
- Athens Research & Technology Inc.
- Type:
- Proteins, Peptides, Small Molecules & Other Biomolecules: Enzymes
