Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major form of dementia and accounts for up to 70% of cases all over the world. Aging is the most important risk factor for this disease, which can be inherited as an autosomal dominant disorder with nearly complete penetrance in the case of early onset. As the disease progresses, loss of synapses is observed in association with tau (microtubule-associated proteins) and amyloid beta pathology (deposition of amyloid protein); neuronal loss occurs in the most affected areas, causing cognitive deficits such as language difficulties and disorientation.

The characteristics of AD neuropathology include accumulations of intracellular and extracellular protein aggregates. Abnormally phosphorylated tau assembles into paired helical filaments (PHFs) that aggregate into neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the neuronal perikarya (cell soma, non-process portion of a neuron) and dystrophic neurites (abnormal neuronal processes). The second pathological hallmark of this condition is the extracellular deposition of β-pleated assemblies of amyloid-beta peptides, forming diffuse senile plaques. The cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) results in the formation of amyloid-beta fibrils. The cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) results in the formation of amyloid- β fibrils. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1 and IL-18 are released by the NLRP3 inflammasome, a complex that promotes inflammation by stimulating the maturation and release of these cytokines. In addition, NLRP3 activation contributes to tau pathogenesis by modulating tau hyperphosphorylation. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been identified as a viable therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s. Despite the critical roles of Aβ and tau in AD pathology, drugs targeting Aβ, or tau have so far reached limited success. Quality antibodies provided by Arigo Biolaboratories will help researchers better understand the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the development of Alzheimer's.

At 2B Scientific, we provide products that can help find novel genetic risk factors, disease mechanisms, candidate biomarkers for early diagnosis, and potential drug targets.

See below the featured products from Arigo Bio that can be used in Alzheimer's research.