Cholesterol, with its bidirectional influence on fluidity, holds particular importance in these studies, as does the length and saturation of acyl chains, as seen in phosphatidylcholine. Additionally, research often explores lipids like diacylglycerol, which not only contribute to membrane structure but also play crucial roles in lipid metabolism and signalling pathways, offering valuable insights into cell biology and disease mechanisms.
Lipid distribution, including cholesterol and phosphoinositide’s, plays a role in neurotransmitter regulation. Alzheimer's, therapeutic research primarily centres on addressing toxic protein aggregates, particularly amyloid beta, to restore normal brain function. Approaches involve inhibiting Aβ production or utilising monoclonal antibodies targeting Aβ aggregates.
While cancer is often simplified as a single disease outside clinical settings, its reality is far more intricate. Globally, certain genes experience more frequent mutations across various cancer types. TP53, encoding the p53 protein, renowned as the 'guardian of the genome,' serves as a prominent tumour suppressor gene. Likewise, PI3KCA mutations are prevalent in cancer patients, making them a focus for therapeutic development, with PI3K inhibitors showing promise in laboratory experiments and clinical trials.