Enterovirus 71 VP1

Size

£639.00

SKU:: 532426
Purity:: Purified by Protein A affinity chromatography from ascites fluid or culture medium.
Storage Conditions:: -20°C
Supplier:: United States Biological
Host:: Mouse
Immunogen:: Enterovirus antigen
Clone:: 3658
Format:: Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.2, 0.09% sodium azide.
Extra Details:: Enteroviruses (EV) are single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the Picornaviridae family and are the smallest, non-enveloped viruses known to infect both humans and animals. They are common seasonal viruses that are associated with a variety of diseases. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) has been identified as one of the main causative agents responsible for large outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) across the Asia-Pacific region. Other members of the genus Enterovirus cause HFMD, including coxsackieviruses A16, A6, A5, A7, A9, A10, B2, and B5, but EV71 is linked to severe complications, including brainstem encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, and pulmonary edema (Caine et al., 2016). As yet, no effective EV-specific antiviral treatments are available, and vaccines are available only against polioviruses. Ongoing experience with EV71 outbreaks in the Asia-Pacific region has demonstrated that co-infections with other EV and indeed viruses belonging to other families, is common and raises the possibility that some co-infections can increase the severity of disease and change the clinical presentation. These viruses are spread primarily through the fecal–oral route, but some species can be spread through respiratory secretions (e.g., EV-D68 and rhinovirus). The average incubation period for enteroviral contagious is from 3–10 to 30 days. The virus, after replicating and breaking the gastrointestinal tract barrier, is transmitted via the blood stream to every organ of the body. EV shows tropism towards organs like the heart, skin, and in particular the central nervous system. It has been observed that infected people excrete large quantities of the virus in feces for a period of even 16 weeks. Most human enterovirus infections are either asymptomatic or result in mild disease. Periodically, enteroviruses are associated with outbreaks of more serious disease, resulting in considerable morbidity and occasionally in significant mortality. The VP1 capsid gene is considered to be an ideal target for typing enterovirus because of variability of the region. Phylogenetic analysis of VP1 gene sequences also correlates well with serotyping in serum neutralization assays (Muehlenbachs et al., 2015). A domain has also been identified on the EV71 VP1 capsid protein which is critical for receptor attachment and necessary for the stability of infectious virions. It includes a group of positively charged amino acids near the 5-fold vertices of the capsid protein. EV71 receptors are believed to increase the ability of the virus to become neurotropic and so increase the severity of the disease it causes (Caine et al., 2016). This region is therefore an ideal target for the development of neutralizing antibodies and anti-viral drugs. These monoclonal antibodies have been developed to meet the need for highly reactive and specific EV71 antibodies for the future development of serological assays. Applications: Suitable for use in Immunofluorescence and ELISA. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Immunofluorescence: 1:10-1:50 ELISA: 1:20-1:200 Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months after receipt. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

Shipping Conditions:: Blue Ice