5-Methylcytosine (5-mC)

Size

£305.00

SKU:: 351752
Purity:: Purified
Storage Conditions:: -20°C
Supplier:: United States Biological
Host:: Rabbit
Immunogen:: 5-methylcytidine
Clone:: D3S2Z
Format:: Supplied as a liquid in 10mM sodium HEPES, pH 7.5, 0.1mg/ml BSA, 150mM sodium chloride, 0.02% sodium azide, 50% glycerol.
Extra Details:: Methylation of DNA at cytosine residues is a heritable, epigenetic modification that is critical for proper regulation of gene expression, genomic imprinting, and mammalian development (1,2). 5-methylcytosine is a repressive epigenetic mark established de novo by two enzymes, DNMT3a and DNMT3b, and is maintained by DNMT1 (3, 4). 5-methylcytosine was originally thought to be passively depleted during DNA replication. However, subsequent studies have shown that Ten-Eleven Translocation (TET) proteins TET1, TET2, and TET3 can catalyze the oxidation of methylated cytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) (5). Additionally, TET proteins can further oxidize 5-hmC to form 5-formylcytosine (5-fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5-caC), both of which are excised by thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG), effectively linking cytosine oxidation to the base excision repair pathway and supporting active cytosine demethylation (6,7). Normally DNA methylation occurs in a bimodal fashion, such that CpG dinucleotides are largely methylated across the genome, except in short stretches of CpG-rich sequences associated with gene promoters, known as CpG-islands, where methylation is virtually absent (8). Cancer cell genomes often undergo global hypomethylation, while CpG-islands become hypermethylated, causing their associated promoters to become repressed (9). There is evidence that a number of aberrantly hypermethylated CpG-islands found in carcinomas occur at tumor suppressor genes such as RB1, MLH1, and BRCA1 (10). Applications: Suitable for use in Immunofluorescence, Dot Blotting, MeDIP. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Immunofluorescence (Immunocytochemistry): 1:1600 Dot Blotting: 1:1000 MeDIP: 1:50 Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4°C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20°C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

Shipping Conditions:: Blue Ice